The Responsibility to Protect Doctrine and the United Nations

Did the R2P Doctrine Create an Opportunity for Western Powers to act Inaptly. ? Chandler argues that the invasion and occupation of Iraq highlighted the dynamic behind the concept of R2P. He states that the R2P that emerged in the period after the Iraq invasion reflected more intensely the crisis that that emerged within the ICISS report giving Western governments some form of authority and confidence. He argues that the ICISS report aimed to restore confidence to the UN however it just made R2P appear not as a ‘non-bureaucratic ’ and a non-legalistic’ justification for intervention. There is currently a focus on good governance as a form of prevention and also on institutional reform to take the emphasis away vast transformations of the potential vision of social, economic and political change. Thus it is seen that, Western powers appear to be weak to influence events. Moreover, any form of responsibility is killed once there is an understanding that these mass a trocities are created under the structure of institutional frameworks. â€Å"The blame for recurring crises is located narrowly at the level of post-colonial state societies and political elites, rather than in any policy interventions (intended or unintended) by external actors.† (Chandler: 2009, 30) There is now a form of institutionalising R2P through the international courts however this does not reflect on western leaders. The international Criminal Courts have only looked into cases from the Global South.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Legitimacy of the Canadian Intervention in Libya1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe legitimacy of the Canadian intervention in the Libyan conflict will be analyzed by three criteria, which include, the threat of massacre, the support from nations, and the Responsibility to Protect doctrine. First, the threat of extreme terror and massacre loomed over Libya. Although Gaddafi was only a symbolic figurehead for the nation, in reality, he exercised near-total control over major government decisions. For forty years, Libyans have tolerated Gaddafi’s brutal suppression and senselessRead MoreThe Syrian Civil War800 Words   |  4 PagesDespite the clear practical, and moral benefits of Responsibility to Protect mandated humanitarian intervention, some critics have vociferously argued against intervention, often, with political motives. Since the start of the Syrian civil war in 2011, the United Nations have tried to adopt a resolution that would refer the situation in Syria to the International Criminal Court who would commission the investigation of the horrific war crimes being committed in the country. However, due to vetoesRead MoreInternational Community Is Culpable For The Rwandan Genocide1376 Words   |  6 Pagesthree reasons for this inaction. A subsequent question is; what responsibilities do global actors have in preventing such atrocities? I feel that every country is responsible for protecting its citizens from genocide. Should a nation fail to safeguard its citizens from genocide, I feel that international community has an obligation to protect those citizens at risk. I will highlight the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine which was ratified by the UN some years following the Rwandan genocideRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Responsibility1186 Words   |  5 PagesThe doctrine of the Responsibility to Protect emerged during the mid-90s following the International Communities failure to respond to the genocides in Rwanda and Bosnia. It is an emerging principle which has been increasingly grounded in international law over the past decade, it dictates that national sovereignty is not a right and holds governments accountable to protect their citizens. Many had adverse reactions to this breach of state sovereignt y, which is outlined in the Charter of the UnitedRead MoreResponsibility Of Protection For Civilians1119 Words   |  5 PagesResponsibility to protect (R2P) is a less than straightforward policy which states that nations are obligated to protect their citizens from genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing; further, the international community has permission to act to help other nations when governments are incapable or neglectful of protecting their citizens. I was first introduced to the R2P doctrine in SISU 280 International Organizations and it relates daily to the work I do at CenterRead MoreThe History of Humanitarian Intervention1187 Words   |  5 PagesTreaty Organisation (NATO) justified the use of force against Yugoslavia, a country that at this time was having a number of atrocities being committed within it. This act welcomed by those that thought that the veto of the permanent five in the United Nations Security Council sometimes block necessary cases of intervention. According to Sarooshi (2001) they believe morality should trump legality where governments commit mass atrocities. Some claim NATO’s action is legal because it represents the â€Å"crystallizationRead MoreDifferences Between Substantive Law And Procedural Law771 Words   |  4 PagesDiscuss the differences between substantive law, procedural law, criminal law, civil law, common law, and statutory law. Provide examples of each law and discuss what U.S. Constitution amendments were implemented to protect the rights of businesses and organizations. Discuss the topics you are comfortable with, the topics you struggled with, and how the weekly topics relate to application in your field. Common law has roots in the English system of law, it developed in England following the NormanRead MoreThe United States And The War Of 18121144 Words   |  5 PagesDeveloped Nation The United States of America triumphed in the Revolutionary War, emerging as an independent nation. Thereafter, they had an arduous task of building their economy and earning recognition amongst other nations. George Washington, the presiding president, promoted Alexander Hamilton, a thirty-four year old former officer of the Continental Army, as the Secretary of Treasury. He devised plans on how to simultaneously generate revenue and deal with war debts. Inevitably, the United StatesRead MorePower, Realism And Constructivism. Hoboken : Taylor And Francis920 Words   |  4 Pagesof protecting national interests, which the United States has utilized through its powerful military. This international relations policy has generated a trend in post-9/11 American politics that has defined a unilateral approach to national threats on a global scale. Guzzini (2013) defines the underscoring political issues in American unilateralism that defines the realist perspective as a type of political responsibility of the United States to protect democracy around the world. This form of neo-imperialismRead MoreGenocide in Srebrenica and the Birth of R2P1025 Words   |  4 PagesGenocide in Srebrenica and the Birth of R2P In 1995, three years of systematic ethnic cleansing by the Bosnian Serb forces culminated in the town of Srebrenica with the androcide of over 8,000 Bosnian Muslims. The Dutch peacekeepers from the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR), charged with protecting the safe area, were ill-equipped to deal with the Serb takeover and watched as women were raped, children were murdered, and men and boys were gunned down. In one of the worst acts of genocide

Florence Nightingale Had A Big Impact On The Math World

Florence Nightingale had a big impact on the math world. We still use what she contributed today in the medical field and in the classroom. She not only made an impact in the math world but also for women’s rights and in the medical field during the Crimean War. Florence had an interesting early life, from begging her parents to study math to choosing to become a nurse. She is an example of how you should never give up on your dreams and how you should not let other people tell you what you can and cannot do. Florence was born on May 12th, 1820 in Florence Italy, which is where she got her name. Her parents were William Edward Nightingale and Frances Nightingale Nee Smith. She had a sister named Frances Parthenope, also named after the place in which she was born. They were an upper class British family at the Vita Colombaia. They had three homes one called Embley, Hampshire, and Lea Hurst. In 1838 Florence met Mary Clarky, Clarkey was a stimulating hostess who did not care ab out what she looked like. Clarkey had no respect for upper British women. She mostly spent her time around male intellectuals as opposed to the company of women. Clarkey demonstrated that women could be equal to men. This is an idea that Florence’s mother and sister did not support. Clarkey and Florence became close friends. In 1840 Florence begged her parents to let her study mathematics. Her mother did not support her wishes and instead wanted her to marry and for her to perform home duties. HerShow MoreRelatedNursing : An Essay About Nursing1467 Words   |  6 Pages Amber Langworthy Mrs. Galaviz English 12 March 5, Nursing When you think of nursing, what’s the first thing that pops into your mind? You may think of the most famous nurses like Florence Nightingale, Agnes Hunt or Agnes Elizabeth Jones. Or maybe even some popular TV shows that have nurses in them like M.A.S.H or modern day Grey’s Anatomy. Yes, they are all very important to remember, but nurses today should be recognized for all their hard work they do . It seems like everyone knows somebodyRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 Pages............................ 4 Adventurers and Explorers: Amelia Earhart (Female Aviation Pioneer) ................................................................................................ 5 Christopher Columbus (â€Å"Discoverer† of the New World?)........................................................................ 7 Sacajawea (Mysterious Native American Guide) ....................................................................................... 9 Artists, Authors, and Musicians: BobRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesFeigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The Power of Management Capitol 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy Text  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 3 the strong business growth of pacesetter companies in the United States and throughout the world? How can companies renew and sustain those factors in the face of the business slowdowns and major fluctuations that challenge the longterm continuation of profitable earnings? As we continue to experience the twenty-first century’s economic, social

Rationale †I have decided to study the gender-oriented issue of conjugal roles in the family Free Essays

string(73) " still an imbalance of responsibility when it comes to household chores\." I have decided to study the gender-oriented issue of conjugal roles in the family. This area of sociological interest came about when we looked at family life and the symmetrical family. Another reason for my interest in this is it is still an issue despite all the changes such as sex discrimination, and even though feminists have raised the issue it seems that there is still not equality in the allocation of domestic tasks between husband and wife. We will write a custom essay sample on Rationale – I have decided to study the gender-oriented issue of conjugal roles in the family or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Lancaster Regionalism Group found an increase in men’s participation but not in the unpopular chores, while Alan Warde suggests that the nature of household tasks varied between couples. From this evidence I derived my hypothesis â€Å"Men do help around the home but do not make an equal contribution†. Primary research will be used and will take the form of a diary. For my variables my sample size will be ten married / cohabiting couples. Both male and female will be in full time employment aged between 30 to 40, as I have access to these respondents. They will be chosen using a snowballing method. A quantitative method will be used to measure the time spent on tasks around the home, and the nature of tasks performed. CONTEXT. The issue of the domestic division of labour was raised by feminists like Ann Oakley in her study â€Å"The sociology of Housework† in which she argued that housework should be taken seriously as a type of â€Å"work†. Other feminists have developed this theme and looked at ways in which women experience inequality in the home. My first source is drawn from the Lancaster Regionalism Group’s investigation into the household division of labour in Northwest England in 1988. This concept â€Å"domestic division of labour† is crucial because it relates to my aim. The â€Å"domestic division of labour† describes the way in which household tasks are allocated in the home. These researchers found that husbands tend to do a very much larger proportion of tasks concerned with the home such as car maintenance etc. However the women do the vast amount of domestic chores. The Lancaster researchers examined the popularity of different household chores. They wanted to test whether the male or female partner was likely to get the unpopular job. From their list of 20 tasks ironing, washing clothes and dishes were chosen as the most disliked chores. Although men had last washed the dishes in 23% of households, only 5% had done the ironing and 3% had last cleaned the dishes. The least pleasant of all tasks cleaning the toilet was last done in 81% of households by women. The Lancaster Regionalism Group concluded that there was some evidence that attitudes had changed but the actual pattern of behaviour remains much the same as it was in the earlier generation. The Lancaster Regionalism Groups work links in with my own hypothesis because the study found an increase in men’s participation but not in the unpopular chores. Secondly there is the feminist approach to the domestic division of labour. The feminist Ann Oakley argued that the social scientists who claimed it was natural for women to take a caring role in the family e.g. perform household tasks had been tricked by their own prejudices into assuming what it meant to be a woman. Some contemporary sociologists have taken Stoller’s argument and suggest that women take on more domestic responsibilities in any given household because it is seen as culturally appropriate feminine behaviour. Therefore it is difficult to discover whether the sharing (or not) of domestic tasks can be seen as a true measure of â€Å"equality†. My third source is drawn from Gershunys study on domestic division of labour. He measured changes in the domestic division of labour by looking at the use of time in the household. He investigated the dual burden hypothesis, which states that even when women take up professional work, they continue to carry on the domestic work. Gershuny found that over the period of 1974-5 to 1987 the husbands of working women continued to do less than half the total paid and unpaid work done by their spouses. However in some types of household’s men did contribute equally and husbands share of work had risen. This source is relevant to my hypothesis because the source concludes there is evidence to show that men were taking on more mundane tasks as done by women, but such tasks continued to be the female’s responsibility. My next source is the article † Domestic divisions of labour† by Alan Warde.The source concerns the aspect of women’s two roles, their conventional responsibility for housework and paid work. According to the study where wives are involved in paid employment they spend fewer hours, on housework where men seem to be doing more. Nevertheless, women still do a greater share of domestic work. There is a strong gender division of tasks, with women doing routine household jobs. The article concludes that the traditional patterns remain very much in evidence and the rate at which men are learning to do female tasks may be slower than that at which women are learning to do male tasks like plastering etc. This source is relevant to my study because selected tasks between husband and wife remain much the same, women doing more housework and men doing painting etc. My final source is once again on the domestic division of labour by Madeleine Leonard. The article suggests that housework remains women’s work. Research shows that there is a clear gender division of labour in housework tasks just like the Lancashire Regionalism group found in their study. This source is relevant to my study because it suggests that even though men are making a contribution when it comes to chores they are still not doing an equal share. These studies suggest that, despite much greater equality for women there is still an imbalance of responsibility when it comes to household chores. You read "Rationale – I have decided to study the gender-oriented issue of conjugal roles in the family" in category "Papers" However my own research may suggest otherwise. Methodology Three main areas need to be covered for this research. Firstly, there needs to be a way of measuring the amount of domestic labour performed by females and males in the present day family groups. I have decided to measure who does what around the home. Secondly I will be measuring the tasks done with others and the time spent on chores. The principal research method I will use will be a diary, as I believe this is a more original method for this research. Not only will this method give me a greater validity but also an insight into the issue. I also hope it will identify trends within my sample group about the amount of housework performed. Using the diary method will also enable me to replicate Wilmott and Youngs approach, as they too used a diary method in their study of the â€Å"symmetrical family† where they asked respondents to keep a diary detailing the hours spent on paid and unpaid work. My sample will consist of 10 couple’s aged between 30 to 40 who are all employed. They will be chosen using the snowballing method. Using this method offers a wide range of advantages for example it will enable me to obtain a relevant sample without having a sampling frame. The diary method will involve asking my respondents to keep a strict diary recording and detailing the amount of domestic labour they performed throughout the day, as well tasks done alone and the time spent on chores. When using these method respondents would need to keep this diary for up to a week. The diary will offer the opportunity to let the respondents record their account of the domestic labour performed without causing any bias, and so it will be a more reliable source. An example of sociological research that has used a diary method is Wilmott and Young’s study of the symmetrical family where they asked respondents to keep a diary detailing the hours spent on paid and unpaid work. Another study example where a diary method has been used is Ann Oakley’s study on the sociology of housework. Oakley asked respondents to keep a housework diary, revealing for the feminist debate the hard work and long hours housework demands. The advantage of using the diary method is qualitative data can discover peoples meaning and interpretations and can often also be examined systematically to identify patterns by using content analysis. This approach is favoured because it is free of values and scientific. Another advantage of using the diary method is it is a more reliable source when it comes to ethical issues, as respondents will not be influenced when recording the amount of work performed will not reveal aspects of their lives they wish to remain hidden. One of the other reasons why I decided to use the diary method is it does not limit the resource-based area of time and money. The diary method will enable me to collect informative, relevant and original data whilst remaining within practical constraints. The diary method reflects two major methodological disadvantages selectivity and it is typical. The selectivity issue is a problem because the respondent will decide what is included not me the researcher. This could lead to irrelevance and inaccuracy a difficulty in comparing data from different respondents. However to over come this disadvantage I will divide the diary into three categories to specify what sort of things to include. However this solution may too be a disadvantage as I am using a qualitative method this may lead to bias because I am imposing a framework on the respondent. The second disadvantage is typical because I do not know the amount of confidence I can have in the usualness of the day recorded. Most people’s lives follow regular patterns but if my diary period of ten days is untypical then my picture as the researcher will be distorted. EVIDENCE. Despite the progress made by women in the twentieth century, which has brought about a substantial amount of change and has put an end to inequality and discrimination between sexes in many areas, women have still not won the battle of equality between men when it comes to domestic work in the home. When talking about work, it can be assumed that this refers to paid employment. However there is one job which is performed full time by women more than men, which is housework or domestic labour. My research concludes that domestic work done by women is hardly ever recognised. For instance respondent A had done more hours of domestic work in a week compared to her husband respondent k (refer to appendix). From my diary I can estimate women spend an average of fifty hours a week on housework which is far more than most people spend in paid employment. Men seemed to be doing less than this amount of domestic work compared to their wives, in some days doing less than half what they consider to be housework or related tasks. I have found from my diaries that housework is still seen as the main responsibility of women even though both partners are working in full time paid employment. It is still women who take on the main responsibility for housework from all the ten couples who took part in my experiment. My findings show that women still have an unequal role with men in the homestead. Much of this inequality arises because the central role of women is still seen by a male dominated society as that of housewife and mother. For instance a similarity I found in my study was that nearly all the female respondents who took part carried out similar tasks over one week such as cleaning the toilet, cooking and hovering etc. Whereas the male respondents tasks where also similar for instance gardening and painting etc. This may suggest that many jobs are still seen as men’s job and women’s job. This compares with the Lancaster Regionalism Group’s study. This study showed that 80%of women were responsible for general domestic duties such as cleaning the toilet and only 31% of men took full responsibility for work to be done in the homestead. This tells me about my aims that many full time working women have two jobs in comparison to the men’s one job. My own findings reveal that although a wide range of jobs and opportunities are available to women the main role of a woman’s life is expected to be that of housewife. Although out of the 10 couples who took part in my experiment only 2% shared the responsibility of housework equally. This compares with Gershuney’s study because he found that in some types of households men did contribute equally. The only difference, which was clear in my study, was that attitudes to domestic chores are changing. Respondents k and L(refer to appendix) were doing tasks such as cooking, making the tea etc all tasks done by women out of the other couples who took part in my experiment. This for instance compares to Gershuney’s study because he found men were taking on more mundane tasks as done by women. The process of conducting my research went well although I would make a number of changes if I were to carry the experiment out again. For instance I decided that half an hour would be suitable and a long enough space of time for respondents to record the tasks done. I now think that this time period was not suitable, as this was too short. People may spend longer than half an hour on certain tasks such as hovering and so this may not have been recorded in the diary. I believe that forty-five minutes would have been a longer space of time. However if I had decided to choose to go with more than forty five minutes than respondents may not choose to record tasks that take them less than five minutes for example putting the rubbish out. After carrying out the experiment the ten couples who took part said they found it difficult recording what they thought was a task. Questions raised from the respondents included would walking the dog and taking the kids to school be considered a task?. To overcome this problem I could list about twenty tasks such as hovering, and other possible variations on a cover sheet and attach it to the diary and instruct respondents to record only the tasks on the cover sheet. I found that some respondents were recording gardening, and painting etc the problem with this is some people may choose to do gardening or painting as a hobby so these can not be recorded as chores. Again using a cover sheet could solve this problem. From my diaries I found that men were spending only half an hour on tasks when doing it on there own. However when they recorded tasks done with others they were spending more time on tasks of up to an hour. This shows that women obviously take more time on domestic chores whereas even though men are doing there bit the time taken is much shorter. By comparing all the diaries from males I could see that the tasks done by men were very similar such as changing a light bulb or fuse. This was also the case with women all the tasks done by them over the week was also very similar such as cooking, changing the linen etc. This shows me that there is a gender division when it comes to household tasks. The main role of a women’s life is still to be that of a housewife, having dinner ready on the table, cleaning the house etc although men are doing there part in the domestic sphere but just not enough compared to men. This compares to the study of † Back to the future† by Madeline Leonard. She found that housework by large remains women’s work, and this more than any other factor accounts for women’s continued exploitation in the home. In her study she found that women are responsible for cooking, cleaning, washing and ironing, while men do jobs such as gardening and home maintenance. The key findings of all my primary research include that although it is true that women have made a huge progress, total equality in the home is still a myth. The battle of the sexes when it comes to domestic tasks has still not met its equilibrium although evidence from my research suggests that attitudes are changing slowly. EVALUATION FINAL CONCLUSIONS. The sampling problems apparent in my research were that there were problems finding an equal number of working class and middle class couples. Consequently my sample was mainly working class. This problem simply reflected the facts of the type of domestic work that I the researcher was looking for. There may have been a need to adjust my hypothesis or the sample characteristics because it was too broad. My sample was reduced to ten couples because when I went round to respondent’s homes they were not in. To overcome this problem I the researcher could have made the diary worth while for the respondents in order to motivate them to take part. I now believe that the sample I chose to use was not representative. This is because only ten couples took part. The couples in the survey were mainly working women and men and so may not be representative of professional men and women. There is no indication in the data that a range of different types of couples, e.g. working class, members of ethnic minorities, etc was sampled. The strengths of my research are that I focused on the comparative approach by using the snowballing method for example the way the couples were randomly sampled. The representatives of the sample, especially the equal sexes ratio. All diaries were handed out to respondents in their home because of the anonymity of the diaries. The weaknesses of my research were that the respondents might have thought the research was official and feel threatened by it, and so refuse to co-operate with it etc. Therefore the responses may not therefore reflect the truth, despite anonymity. The respondents were not supervised when they were filling in the diary and in reaction, some respondents may not have co-operated fully, experience of self reports tell us that people have a tendency to exaggerate, lie, not take surveys seriously. I did explore the issue in sufficient depth because my secondary data was appropriate to draw a suitable hypothesis. My secondary data was derived from a range of sources: social studies review, the Lancaster Regionalism Group etc. These all gave me an official picture of the domestic division of labour situation. The sources of data that I have collected are the most effective in relation to my aims. However other methods of data collection might have been possible for instance a large-scale survey of the population could be conducted of the workload shared between husband and wife in general. I could include questions on women’s role as housewife which operationalise in various ways positive and negative attitudes towards them. Interviews could be conducted with husbands, which would measure their attitudes and their perception of social attitudes towards housewives. A content analysis could be carried out on newspaper coverage of the role of women in the home. My choice of method did affect my results for example by using the diary method I was able to control variables via using a snowballing sample. It is seen to have high reliability because it is easily repeated. Other sociologists can verify the data obtained by using the same standardised diary and similar samples. It is also seen as objective because the sample population is randomly rather than deliberately selected. During the diary schedule I did attempt to operationalise the concept domestic division of labour etc in such a way that it was not judgmental of the couples. I used my personal theoretical perspective and related this to my choice of method for instance the couples could have been interviewed together, although a more interesting variation that I chose was to use a diary method. This method was chosen so that they could record the amount of domestic tasks done separately. I was then able to compare data to get a gender version of the amount of tasks done. My experience of carrying out the research compares to the interpretivists. Firstly, the task of the researcher is to investigate how those taking part in the study interpret the world around them. In order to do this, the sociologist has to get inside their heads and see the world through their eyes. This is called â€Å"verstehen† and is an attempt to empathise with those being studied. Second, interpretivists emphasise validity seeing the world as it really is. Validity played a great importance in my chosen method because I was trying to find out how domestic tasks were shared so seeing the world as it really is. Third, cause and effect relationships are impossible to construct because people socially construct social situations and the interpretations people give to certain situations often vary. I found this to be the case in my research between couples. I do think my results are presented in the most effective way. As my chosen method was qualitative I was not able to produce any statistical data however my diaries were in columns with appropriate headings. To study this research further people could develop the idea of helping around the home by using Wilmot and young’s assertion that the family is still symmetrical. Also people could research whether women actually want to be helped when it comes to household tasks even though feminists argue that the family is still an exploitative arrangement for women. CONCLUSION My hypothesis read†¦ † Men do help around the home but do not make an equal contribution† I can conclude that my hypothesis was correct because I found from my diaries that women are still doing more than there fair share of domestic work compared to men. This is the case because the extensions of traditional domestic roles of housewives and mothers are still in which women continue to be socialised these include serving and waiting on people, catering for them and cleaning and clearing up after others. These are all jobs women traditionally did and still do in the home. Such jobs include primary school teaching, low-grade catering work, working as shop assistants, supermarket shop fillers, secretaries’ etc. For example secretaries often serve their (usually male bosses), organise the office in the workplace to make things easier for them, making tea and coffee and clearing up after their meetings. Primary school involves childminding, catering involves cooking etc. Women have limited career opportunities than males for a number of different reasons. There is the gender stereotyping at school and the wider gender role socialisation process in the home and in the work place. This is similar to the article † Back to the future† by Madeleine Leonard who found that this gender role socialisation process in the home made women continue to see housework as an important part of being a â€Å"good wife and mother† and are satisfied with the unequal domestic division of labour. How to cite Rationale – I have decided to study the gender-oriented issue of conjugal roles in the family, Papers

Shakespeares Othello Iago, Master of Cruelty in Essay Example For Students

Shakespeares Othello Iago, Master of Cruelty in Essay Othello Othello essaysIago, Master of Cruelty in Othello Iago stands supreme among Shakespeares evil characters because of his intense and subtle cruelty, perfectly combined with his exceptional powers of will and intellect. As a result of this, his motivations are unclear; however the innocent, loyal, and honest character Iago portrays to the others, does not reflect his true character. He is the ultimate puppet master. Every action is preplanned and manipulated for his audience to perceive him as this trustworthy decent man. Iago possesses such intelligence and acting ability that he forces others to act on and believe what he tells them. The other characters see him as what he wants them to see, and not for what he really is. The three main emotional weapons Iago uses to destroy everyone are reputation, desire and jealousy. A good reputation is the most important virtue to the characters of this play. Their good name is what keeps them in high standing in society. What family one comes from and how one uses that status permeates every facet of life. Iago uses this as a weakness. He does everything in his power to destroy the reputation of others by creating illusions and lies and sharing them with those whom would listen. Iago was so trusted by all, that people would continuously look to him for advise and he would use these opportunities to manipulate their opinions and thoughts towards others. The importance of reputation and its usefulness is shown when Iago says, Good name in man and woman, dear my lord, is the immediate jewel of their souls.(Othello. Act III. iii. 182-183.) One way Iago uses others importance of reputation to destroy them is in the case of Cassio. Early on in the story, Othello, who is a Moorish general in the Venetian army has an opening for a second in command. Although Iago wants this position desperately, Cassio is chosen. When the opportunity arises for Iago to avenge this, he does. Iago convinces Cassio , known as a responsible, loyal and trustworthy man to abandon his night watch and go out drinking. He eventually gets into a fight with another lieutenant and is discovered by Othello. When asked to explain the situation, Iago lies and tells Othello that Cassio behaves like this all of the time. Using jealousy as a weapon is what prompts Iago to plot the ultimate downfall of the characters in Othello and especially Othello himself. Othello does not appear to be jealous early in the play, but due to Iagos skillful and manipulative lies, Othello is confronted with emotions he does not know how to handle. Iago recanted false stories, which affected all of the characters, and the reader is never quite sure of his true motivations. Was it his own jealousy andlove for Desdemona, was it revenge against Othello and Cassio for losing out in getting the army position, or was it just being evil for its own sake? The affair begins with Othello and Desdemona who are madly in love with each other. There is also a romance between Bianca and Cassio. Iago begins the chaos by creating rumors of an affair between Cassio and Desdemona who are merely good friends. Roderigo, a Venetian gentleman and acquaintance of Iago, is also in love with Desdemona . His jealousy of the love that Desdemona and Othello share leads him to help Iago to spread the rumors that ultimately destroy them all. Iago fools everyone in the play into believing that he is honest. No one suspects him of treachery, until the final act when Roderigo realizes how badly he has been tricked. .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .postImageUrl , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:hover , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:visited , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:active { border:0!important; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:active , .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc1494fdda0e12d3a98b5be88acff091b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homelessness Essay They make everyone think that Othello is a barbarian by going to see Barbantio, a Venetian senator and Desdemonas father, in the middle of the night. They tell him to beware of Othello and to keep him away from his daughter. Sir, youre robbed. For shame, put on your gown! Your heart is burst. You have lost half your soul. Even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe.(Othello. Act I. i. 94-98.) Iago turns Othello against Cassio and Desdemona yet covers it up by saying, O, beware, my lord, of jealousy! It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock the meat it feeds on.(Othello. Act III. iii. 195-196.) Othellos jealousy literally drives him mad and anger and hate replace his wisdom and judgement. The power of these destructive emotions leads to Desdemonas death and Othellos suicide The desires that kept them in love were the same emotions that destroyed them all. The lust for others lovers and the greed for others possessions and power allowed Iago to convince his listeners of what they should be seeing that they seemed to be so oblivious to. Desdemona and Cassio are the only two true innocents of the story, in that neither was disloyal to their partners, or to anyone else. The inability to judge true from false is a human dilemma that we have all faced. In Othellos case, this problem was fatal. Iago, the ultimate Puppet Master has truly manipulated the outcome of tragedy for his own selfish reasons. The play shows that the consequences of trusting someone who hides behind a mask of honesty can destroy ones soul, ones spirit, and even ones life.