The story brushes Essay Example For Students

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Industrial Relations free essay sample

To build up a legitimate channel of correspondence. 5. To build the assurance and control of the representatives. 6. To defend the interests of the work just as the executives by making sure about the most elevated level of common comprehension and altruism between all areas in an industry. 7. To maintain a strategic distance from all types of modern clashes in order to guarantee mechanical harmony by giving better living and working measures for the laborers. 8. To achieve government authority over such mechanical units which are running at a misfortune for securing the business of the representatives. Significance of Industrial Relations: 1. Continuous Production: The most significant advantage of modern advantages is that it guarantees coherence of creation. This implies nonstop work for all included right from chiefs to laborers. There is continuous progression of pay for all. Smooth running of enterprises is significant for makers, if their items are transient products and to shoppers if the merchandise are for mass utilization (fundamental wares, food grains and so forth. We will compose a custom article test on Modern Relations or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page ). Great modern relations bring mechanical harmony which thus will in general increment creation. 2. Decrease in Industrial debates: Good Industrial relations diminish Industrial questions. Strikes, complaints and lockouts are a portion of the impressions of Industrial turmoil. Mechanical harmony helps in advancing co-activity and expanding creation. Subsequently great Industrial relations help in building up Industrial majority rules system, discipline and a favorable work environment condition. 3. High spirit: Good Industrial relations improve the resolve of the representatives and rouse the laborer laborers to work more and better. 4. Decreased wastage: Good Industrial relations are kept up based on co-activity and acknowledgment of ach other. It assists with diminishing wastage of material, labor and expenses. 5. Adds to monetary development and advancement. Reasons for poor Industrial Relations: 1. Financial causes: Often poor wages and poor working conditions are the fundamental driver for undesirable relations among the board and work. Unapproved reasonings from compensation, absence of incidental advantages, nonattendance of advancement openings, defective motivating force plans are other financial causes. Different foundations for Industrial clashes are lacking framework, destroyed plant and apparatus, poor format, inadmissible upkeep and so forth . Hierarchical causes: Faulty interchanges framework, uncalled for rehearses, non-acknowledgment of worker's organizations and work laws are likewise some different reasons for poor relations in industry. 3. Social causes: Uninteresting nature of work is the fundamental social reason for poor Industrial relations. Disappointment with occupation and individual life comes full circle into Industrial clashes. 4. Mental causes: Lack of professional stability, non-acknowledgment of legitimacy and execution, poor relational relations are the mental purposes behind inadmissible business representative relations. 5. Political causes: Multiple associations, between association contention debilitate the worker's guilds. Deficient worker's organizations framework winning in the nation has been one of the most capable foundations for Industrial questions in the nation. Recommendations to improve Industrial Relations: 1. Sound work force strategies: Policies and methodology concerning the remuneration, move and advancement, and so on of representatives ought to be reasonable and straightforward. All approaches and rules identifying with Industrial relations ought to be reasonable and straightforward to everyone in the undertaking and to the association chiefs. 2. Participative administration: Employees should relate laborers and associations in the plan and usage of HR strategies and practices. 3. Mindful associations: A solid worker's organization is an advantage for the business. Worker's organizations ought to receive a capable as opposed to political way to deal with modern relations. 4. Representative government assistance: Employers ought to perceive the requirement for the government assistance of laborers. They should guarantee sensible wages, palatable working conditions, and other important offices for work. The board ought to have a certified worry for the government assistance and advancement of the common laborers. 5. Complaint technique: An entrenched and appropriately controlled framework focused on the opportune and acceptable redressal of employee’s complaints can be extremely useful in improving Industrial relations. A proposal plan will assist with fulfilling the inventive inclination of the laborers. 6. Valuable demeanor: Both administration and worker's guilds should embrace uplifting disposition towards one another. The executives must perceive associations as the representatives of the workers’ complaints and as caretakers of their inclinations. The business ought to acknowledge laborers as equivalent accomplices in a joint undertaking for good Industrial relations. . Making a legitimate correspondence channel to keep away from complaints and misconceptions among workers 8. Instruction and preparing bestowed to the workers What are Industrial Relations? The idea of Industrial relations has been characterized utilizing different phrasings, yet in the strictest sense, it is b asically the connection among the board and work. The full idea of modern relations is the association and practice of multi-pronged connections among work and the board, associations and work, associations and the executives in an industry. Dale Yoder characterizes it all in all field of connections that exists as a result of the essential joint effort of people in the business procedure of an industry. Job of Industrial Relations: Industrial relations are related with work, the board, trade guilds, and the state. The location of mechanical relations has developed colossally, and can't be spoken to just by relations among the executives and work. It has become a thorough and all out idea grasping the entirety of relationship that exists at different degrees of the hierarchical structure. Moreover, it hints connections between laborers themselves inside the work class, and relations among the administration inside the administrative class. In an open sense, mechanical relations mean a wide range of relations inside a gathering and outside a gathering both formal and casual relations. Goals of Industrial Relations: 1. Ensure the executives and work interests by making sure about common relations between the two gatherings. 2. Stay away from questions among the executives and work, and make an orchestrating connection between the gatherings so profitability can be expanded. . Guarantee full work and diminish non-appearance, subsequently, expanding profitability and benefits. 4. Accentuate work business association to set up and keep up mechanical majority rules system. This is done to guarantee the sharing of benefit additions, and individual formative of every one everything being equal. 5. Give better wages and day to day environments to work, so false impressions amo ng the executives and work are decreased to a base. 6. To achieve government power over plants where misfortunes are running high, or where items are created in the open intrigue. 7. To overcome an issue between different open groups and reshape the mind boggling social connections developing out of mechanical advances by controlling and teaching individuals, and changing their irreconcilable situations. Theoretical Model for understanding Industrial Relations Conceptual Model of Industrial Relations Role of State Intervention: State intercession in business is important in a creating nation as a result of the accompanying reasons: 1. Creating nations need incredible worker's organizations, empowering associations to abuse laborers and even overlook their requests. This is the reason governments need to step in and assume a job in depicting certain parameters of mechanical relations. 2. At the point when the states of workers decline, or potentially controversies emerge, the administration can't be a quiet onlooker. It needs to intercede in the circumstance and attempt to fulfill the two sides by being a preceptor or a mediator, and build up harmony. 3. The government idea of the constitution has caused it basic for the state to mediate in issues of work to guarantee a smooth and nonstop activity. The state and the focal governments have set up specific laws that must be trailed by organizations. These are: the Plantations Act of 1952, the Minimum Wages Act of 1948, the Industrial Disputes Act, the Payment of Bonus Act of 1965, the Contract Labor Act of 1970, the Payment of Gratuity Act of 1972, the Bonded Labor System Act and the Remuneration Act of 1978. 4. The Directive Principals of the Constitution charge upon the state to set up a government assistance state and to take care of the interests of the more vulnerable segments of the general public, for instance, the truly incapacitated. Meaning of Mediation and Conciliation Mediation is the idea of making harmony between exasperated gatherings. It is an antiquated practice, and is done by a harmony creator. Intervention becomes an integral factor when at least two gatherings meet up to talk about their disparities and settle their disparities. Intercession has been utilized among individuals, countries, disputants, work and government, and so on. An arbiter, who is a pariah, might be available for settlement of questions. The middle people job is to help the gatherings in their dealings. Appeasement Conciliation is commonly the way toward urging the irritated gatherings to meet up for intervention. In modern relations in any case, the differentiations between the terms intervention and appeasement are unimportant, and this pattern likewise applies to different nations. Along these lines, appeasement might be characterized as the administrations of an outsider that are utilized in a debate as a methods for helping the questioning gatherings to diminish the degree of their disparities and to show up at a settlement or commonly concurred arrangement. Placation will in general carry an expedient answer for mechanical contradictions, consequently, staying away from pointless strikes and lock-outs. Job of a

Essay Writing Samples - Writing Samples For Your Essay

Essay Writing Samples - Writing Samples For Your EssayThere are many different types of essay writing samples that can be found on the internet. The fact is that there are hundreds if not thousands of websites that provide essay writing samples. The problem is that some of these sites are simply scams and can cause you much grief.There are many different websites online that offer free examples for various types of essays. However, there are some factors that you must take into consideration before you go and register with any of these websites.There are numerous free samples on the internet. The fact is that while some of these may be useful, there are also a lot of other sites out there that provide very little or none of this free information. This is something that you need to take into consideration when you are looking at the sample essays that are available.One of the best things about using these sites is that they will provide you with ideas for essays. The fact is that when you have an idea for an essay, it is not hard to get ideas for the essay. In fact, this is why there are so many places online that provide samples.There are many different types of writing samples on the internet that are available for you to use. Some of these are free, while others require you to pay a small fee. Again, there are many different samples out there that do not provide you with the information that you need.In order to find essay samples, you need to go to a site that provides a large amount of free information. This is one of the main reasons why there are so many sites that offer samples. In fact, there are many more that provide you with information that is useful and not free.The fact is that if you want to write an essay, you need to take some time to find the best essay writing samples. There are a number of different sites that will provide you with the information that you need in order to write your essay. Just take some time to find one that provides you w ith lots of free information.

Guernicas History Essay - 1081 Words

Guernicas History The word art is an encompassing one, vastly interpreted and with multiple definitions. In the case of Picassos painting Guernica, art informs, educates and expresses. Its power lies in its ability to capture and compel an audience nearly six decades after the modern worlds other day of infamy. To understand fully the painting that evolved out of the Spanish painters outrage, one must know its context. Why do you think I date everything I do? Because it is not sufficient to know an artists works--it is also necessary to know when he did them, why, under what circumstances (Picasso). An appreciator who knows the saga of Spains historical fishing village is given a depth of experience that only a genius like†¦show more content†¦The apparent goal of the assault was hitting a bridge near an important road junction that possibly could be used in the future by Republican forces. Given that the intent was only to hit the bridge, Von Richthofen would have used his Stuka dive bombers , capable of carrying a single bomb weighing 1,000 pounds. Equipped with the latest bomb sights, a Stuka had a high chance of taking out the bridge with one direct hit. Even a near miss would have made a powerful shock wave that, if it did not cause the bridge the bridge to collapse, would doubtless have made it unsafe for traffic (Gordon, Morgan 1975). The Condor Legion had had many successful missions to prove their accuracy. For example, they succeeded in dropping provisions squarely into the courtyard of the besieged Nationalist city of Alcazar. For the Guernica mission the Condor Legion was equipped with airplanes consisting of three German types, Junkers and Heinkel bombers and Heinkel fighters which were loaded with 3,ooo pounds of bombs weighing up to 550 pounds each along with more than 3,ooo two-pounder aluminum incendiary projectiles (Fisch 1983). From 4:30 to 7:45 in the evening the squadron poured an uncontested, continuous rain of bombs and gun fire on Guernica. Normal procedure would have been to observe the fall ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Pablo Picassos Guernica1228 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, art has been a powerful medium for political expression. Strong, moving images create a visual experience that calls for global attention to a cause. One of the most famous examples of using art to bring the world’s focus to a cause is Pablo Picasso’s painting, Guernica. In 1937, Francisco Franco, the ruler of Spain, allowed German and Italian planes to bomb a small town, called Guernica, in order to test their bombing tactics. Guernica became the result of Picasso’s outrage toRead MoreGuernica: Investigating the Impact Essay1047 Words   |  5 Pagesbecame an icon for the futility of war in general. The emphasized individual and shared sentiments about Guernica were mirrored internationally a nd swayed the viewpoints of subsequent generations, including my own. While Guernica reflects a point in history its global impact unites people in a shared understanding of war and violence that has surpassed the event itself. The social and political significance of the Spanish Civil War has been long overshadowed by World War II (WWII), which began shortlyRead MoreGuernica a Paint by Pablo Ruiz Picasso1471 Words   |  6 Pages1937 German bombing of the Basque town of Guernica in northern Spain which was destroyed. It is 25 feet wide and 11 feet high, a mural size canvas painted in oil and was completed within seven weeks. Guernica is an extraordinary monument within the history of modern art (Fisch, 1983). It was executed entirely in black, white, and gray, and projects and image of pain, suffering, and brutality. It shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon innocent people. Guernica was displayed aroundRead MoreIntertextual Analysis of Works of Art2998 Words   |  12 Pagesmore socially conscious and philosophically all encompassing of several styles and medias than art works previous to this era. Contemporary art is experimental and often includes crossbreeds of styles, as well as mixes of many varied periods of art history from earlier times to the present times. Contemporary art cultivates toward conceptual, political and social messages, addressing feminism, multiculturalism, globalization, bioengineering and AIDS, among other trends. Contemporary art is created in

Essay on The Negative Consequences of Smoking - 886 Words

Statistics show that 400,000 people a year die due to smoking related problems. Experts have proven that smoking damages the lungs and kidneys, but people continue to smoke to relieve stress. This paper will expose the various ways that smoking can harm the people and environment. Everyone knows that smoking is bad, yet they still continue to do it. Consumers smoke for various reasons. Some smoke because they are stressed, unfulfilled, angry, and depressed. Smoking helps them to cope with their problems. The chemicals inside of smoking and its dependency are what make it bad. There are about 600 ingredients in a cigarette, and when it is ignited it creates more than 4,000 chemicals. There are about 70 chemicals that are poisonous. There is†¦show more content†¦When people are finished smoking, they dispose of their cigarettes in varying ways. Some dump them in the trash; like a civilized person should, but others just throw them on the ground. When this happens, the cigarettes are swept away into the sewers. Tobacco is not only detrimental to the air, but to the air too. When cigarette waste gets into the water in takes years for it to break completely down. â€Å"Approximately 5 million hectares (600 million trees) of forest are destroyed each year to provide trees to dry tobacco.† (Tobacco and the environment , 2013) On the hand, there are other alternatives to individuals who smoke. There are nicotine patches, nasal sprays, gums, and e-cigarettes. An e-cigarette is an alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes. They have batteries that let them inhale a mist or vapor, instead of the usual smoke. The battery inside of it charges a heating element called an â€Å"atomizer.† The atomizer uses the energy to heat the liquid in the cartridge. An e-cigarette is a healthier alternative than a regular cigarette. â€Å"To put into perspective an e-cigarette contains nearly the exact same trade levels of nitrosamines as the F.D.A approved nicotine patch, and about 1,300 times less nitrosamines than a Marlboro cigarette. (Cassa, 2011) Additionally, there haveShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Consequences Of Public Smoking1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Negative Consequences of Public Smoking Smoking is known to be one of the most dangerous medicine and can come with some seriously negative to one’s lungs. Research studies have shown that second- hand smoking can be equally as bad. According to the 1964 Surgeon General’s Report, â€Å"2.5 million adults who were nonsmokers died because they breathed secondhand smoke† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). To those who own restaurants, oversee public places, and others in charge of entertainmentRead More Negative Consequences of Cigarette Smoking Essay565 Words   |  3 PagesNegative Consequences of Cigarette Smoking Everyone has a family member, friend, or co-worker who smokes. They have chosen to smoke, but by just being around them, many people are also smoking. Before one chooses to take this risk he should think what problems can he face because of it. There are many causes for smoking but effects of smoking are same. Smoking is a hazardous habit because it leads to addiction, disease, and high-risk pregnancy. Commercials show that smoking is a way to relaxRead MoreEssay on Negative Consequences of Employees Smoking in the Workplace909 Words   |  4 PagesNegative Consequences of Employees Smoking in the Workplace Many companies across the United States are making it more difficult for smokers to get jobs in the workplace. 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The Three-term contingency: Verbal prompting + Sign The Three-term contingency uses the following two elements (or a combination of both) to influence behavioural responses: - Manipulation of the reinforcing consequences (R+/-) - Manipulation of the discriminative stimuli (SD) precedingRead MoreNegative Externalities Of Cigarette Smoking849 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve decided to analyze the negative externalities that come from cigarette smoking, particularly the negative externality of second hand smoking, in which a non-smoker, therefore a non-buyer and non-seller, is still inhaling smoke and suffering from it. Worldwide, 40% of children, 33% of male non-smokers, and 35% of female non-smokers were exposed to second-hand smoke in 2004. This exposure was estimated to have caused 379000 deaths from ischaemic heart disease, 165000 from lower respiratory infectionsRead MorePersuasive Essay Smoking885 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as smoking. People smoke for numerous reasons. These reasons include: socializing, coping with emotions, parental influences, advertising, and for the thrill of risk taking behaviors. In consequence, many people are unaware of the negative aspects to smoking. Smoking not only affec ts the individual but has negative impacts on others that are around the smoker and the environment as well. In result of these harmful aspects of smoking, smoking should be banned in public places. Smoking shouldRead MoreAnti Tobacco Advertisements And Effects On Quitting Behavior : Results From The California Smokers Cohort940 Words   |  4 Pagestelevision advertisements with personal message can be recall by the person and have a greater impact on smoking cessation. The authors felt that this was an important topic to study because they were concern about the dangers of smoking tobacco. According to Leas et al. (2015) â€Å"Nondaily smoking and second-hand smoke exposure can lead to the same negative health consequences that result from daily smoking†(p.90). As a result, the authors engage in a cohort study where they use anti-tobacco advertisementsRead MoreAnalysis Of Tweens : Ten Going On Sixteen1172 Words   |  5 Pagesthat in modern society kids mature too early, creating a negative trend called â€Å"tween phenomenon†; it occurs when kids become teenagers at a young age and skip preadolescence. According to Hymowitz, the evidence presents a troubling picture of tweens who are too concerned with their looks, are involved in criminal activities, are having sex, are doing drugs, and are consuming alcohol. She provides evidence to exemplify tweendom’s negative influence on both the tweens and the world around them. TheRead MoreSmoking Is An Addictive Habit That Has Been Killing People All Over The World1123 Words   |  5 PagesSmoking is an addictive habit that has been killing people all over the world for hundreds of years. About 25% of adults smoke and about 30% of all adolescents use some type of tobacco product (â€Å"Smoking†). Statistics show that the majority of tobacco users began as a teenager, around thirteen years of age (Miller). The human population is supposed to have innate instincts to do all they can to survive and extend their lives, but individuals still make the choice to smoke and may not take into accountRead MoreSmoking Is A Controversial Topic On Modern Society1201 Words   |  5 PagesWhen talking about smoking one phrase always pops up in a person s mind, â€Å"Smoking Kills†. Considered as one of the biggest public health disasters in the world smoking is a very controversial topic in modern society. As of recent times due to the link smoking has with serious health issues, many advertisement have been made to make people aware of the dangers. In the advertisement â€Å"Smoking Kills† the hand that holds the cigarette is compared to that of a gun. Since a gun has a dangerous atmosphere

George Whitefield Essay Research Paper English preacher free essay sample

George Whitefield Essay, Research Paper English sermonizer George Whitefield was a leader of the Evangelical Revival on both sides of the Atlantic. He participated in the Great Awakening in the settlements and the Wesleyan motion in Great Britain. He was educated at Oxford and was a member of the Wesley brothers # 8217 ; Holy Club. After his ordination, in 1736, as an Anglican deacon he made the first of seven ocean trips to American in 1738. He took orders as a priest, but he was excluded from the Anglican daiss because of his evangelistic passion. As a consequence he began prophesying in spiritual societies and the unfastened air ; his field sermon was a major part to the Evangelican Revival and the growing on Methodism. Whitefield was a great spiritual leader in his clip. His brilliant voice boomed over 1000s of beguiled hearers in an unfastened field. One of England # 8217 ; s greatest histrions of the twenty-four hours commented that Whitefield could do audiences cry simply by articulating the word Mesopotamia and that he would # 8220 ; give a hundred guineas if I could merely state # 8216 ; O! # 8217 ; like Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on George Whitefield Essay Research Paper English preacher or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whitefield. # 8221 ; Triumphally touring the settlements, Whitefield sent his message of human weakness and godly power. During howling revival meetings, infinite evildoers professed transition, while 100s of the â€Å"saved† groaned, shrieked, or rolled in the snow from spiritual exhilaration. Whitefield inspired many impersonators whom took up his manner of sermon. Orthodox reverends, known as # 8220 ; old visible radiations, # 8221 ; were profoundly disbelieving of the emotionality and jokes of the evangelists. # 8220 ; New light # 8221 ; curates defended the Awakening for its function in the renewing American faith. Whitefield had a big consequence on the people in his clip epoch. His accent on direct spiritualty undermined the old manner of spiritual thought. He was a leader of a new manner of faith, which brought about many alterations in the American peoples # 8217 ; life manner. The Great Awakening was the first self-generated mass motion of American people. It tended to interrupt down sectional boundaries every bit good as racial lines and added to the thought that Americans had of themselves as a individual people, united by a common history and shared experiences. George Whitefield was a major cause of that.

Marketing Mix Tesco Poland Case Study Essay Example

Marketing Mix Tesco Poland Case Study Essay In this report I will discuss the marketing mix for Tesco Poland and also the current and potential treats in the marketing/competition environment and suggested some recommendations. Tesco started its activity in Poland in November 1995 with a strategic investment in the Savia supermarket chain. The first store with Tesco’s logo was opened in 1998. From 1995 Tesco made many mergers and acquisitions (table one p. 13) and this was the first stage in the development of Tescos Poland network, which in the past two years has developed a chain of small size shops in whole country (Figure 1) (Tesco, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix Tesco Poland Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix Tesco Poland Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Mix Tesco Poland Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Tesco apparently has ambitions to take over the Netto and Billa chains, amounting to 183 retail outlets in total (IFO, 2010). The main strategy of Tesco Poland is to taker over weaker, competing networks and engaging fierce, competitive struggle with others. The strongest Tesco’s competitors currently are Carrefour and Biedronka which use the same methods of competition (table one p. 13). To increase turnover and profits Tesco operates as a limited liability company under the name of TESCO Polska Sp. z o. o.. Figure1. Reflected location of Tesco’s stores across the Republic of Poland Marketing mix using Tesco Poland as an example Marketing mix takes a systematic approach to an analysis of the market and outputs of which enable Tesco to maximise customer satisfaction. Each of the marketing mix factors should not only be internally integrated, but also should have a high degree of efficiency and effectiveness. Traditionally the marketing mix consisted of just 4 Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promotion) but has been extended to 7 Ps (People, Process, Physical evidence) (Dibb Simkin, 2001). 1. 1Products Tesco Poland has a wide range of products designed for different consumer segments: grocery, medication, food supplements and hygiene articles, household goods, toys and gifts, bicycles and scooters, clothing, shoes, entertainment and books, PC, photo, games, home electrical, sound and vision, phones, sports and leisure, furniture and kitchen, baby and toddler, gardening (seasonal outdoor of stores), alcohols and tobaccos, banking, petrol and others. Sir Terry Leahy in 1993 in his National Business Awards was asked: â€Å"What’s your secret for making Tesco, Britain’s number one retailer? and his answer was: â€Å"We sell what people want† (Seth Randall, 2005). And that is a key to the success in Poland as well. Products in Polish branches are split into good quality such as brand products, Polish products and regional products and inferior quality such as discount price, Tesco value and other Tesco products. Figure2. Types of food products in Tesco Poland 1. 2Price Since the expansion in Poland, Tesco has competed over price with its biggest competitors such as Real, Carrefour, Biedronka and Lidl. From the beginning March 2009 Tesco introduced products at discount prices in Poland as well as iscounts of 30 to 88 percent on selected articles (WP, 2010). Through cutting prices offering their own payment cards, vouchers and temporary promotions Tesco became attractive to customers. Price cuts were possible because of the pressure exerted by Tesco on their suppliers (Appendix 1). However not everything is cheap in Tesco. Regional managers usually cut prices of the most popular goods in each store, because in that way Tesco is attractive for potential customers. Of course the customers are buying other, more expensive goods too, so the overall margins are maintained. 1. 3Place The principle of Tesco’s distribution is: â€Å"the right product in the right place, at the right position, at the right time and at the right cost† (Tesco, 2010). Tesco applied composite distributions, which consists of a smaller number of composite warehouses. Warehouses can store a lot of products at different temperatures, and thus provide more efficiency in terms of cost in relation to daily deliveries to all stores. Warehouses operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Delivery vehicles for wholesale composite have trailers, divided into chambers, so they can keep three different temperature levels at the same time. There are three main distribution centres in Poland (Tesco, 2010): †¢ Teresin near Warsaw – 55 000 m2 (fresh and dry food) and 30 000 m2 (manufacturers), †¢ Strykowo – 18 000 m2 (ensures delivery to the smaller shops) †¢ Legionowo – 17 000 m2 (ensures delivery to the smaller shops). Overview of the relations between Tesco and its suppliers is given in Appendix 2. Figure3. The biggest logistics base and the main distribution center of Tesco Poland. Teresin near Warsaw. 9 Promotion Promotion is based on informing consumers about products or services, and the company itself in order to create preferences for them on the market. Tesco Poland uses most of the available means of communication/promotions to gain customers: †¢ sales promotion (offer of the week, special offer, hit of the month, buy now pay later, discount price, buy one get one free/half price – rarely used) †¢ advertising (TV, radio, newspapers, magazines, billboards, internet, adverts on public transport vehicles and Tesco’s transport, adverts in own stores, shopping centres and parking) †¢ personal selling (cashiers, shop assistants, call centre consultants etc) †¢ direct marketing (correspondence with coupons, monthly newspapers and quarterly catalogues delivered to homes of all inhabitants of town/city) †¢ public relations (social campaigns: Tesco for Schools, Clean Up the World with Tesco. Be beautiful with Tesco, Ekstraklasa (graduate scheme), Tesco for you and your family). An overview of the promotion instruments along with examples used by Tesco Poland is in Appendix 2. 10 People Tesco currently employs almost 27 000 people (Tesco, 2010) and offers: †¢ Professional training regardless of employees’ positions. †¢ A program for graduates (EKSTRAKLASA launched in 2008). †¢ A bonus scheme (demanding standards) †¢ Employee discounts on goods purchased (after one year of employment). Despite this, Tesco does not belong to the popular employers. Forced overtime together with long hours, minimum wage payments, adverse employees’ contracts and generally poor conditions of work produced weakly motivated and frustrated employees (Macalister, 2008; just-food, 2008; JS, 2009). Also Tesco has a serious problem with mobbing in the workplace. In late April and early May 2009 Tesco was visited by inspectors of the National Labour Inspectorate. As a result of control at one store inspectors issued 50 negative opinion and decisions. That illustrates the scale of the phenomenon – said Michal Olesiak from National Labour Inspectorate (Piatek, 2009). This treatment of employees is not good for the image of Tesco and the average consumer quite often chooses alternatives to Tesco because of his reputation. Figure4. â€Å"Too much, too hard, Tesco† – strikes of the Tesco’s employees in Poland 2008 – 2009 (photos from the private collections of protesting staff). 11 Process In Poland due to the dissatisfaction of workers and the creation of an unpleasant atmosphere around Tesco stores a hotline was created to facilitate customers in making decisions about shopping at Tesco and in dispelling doubt (Tesco, 2010). Consultants of the hotline take over some of responsibility from shop assistants and assistants in customer services. Currently customer service in Tesco looks much better, however there still are problems with dissatisfied staff. Tesco Poland needs accomplish profound changes in personnel policy because weakly motivated and appreciated employees who do not provide customer service in the relevant standard. 12 Physical evidence Tesco is not just a shop but is also a commercial space. Tesco stores are a developed infrastructure with specific interior and surroundings: 1. 7. 1 Parking Inseparable from every Tesco hypermarket is parking (sometimes multilevel). Before Christmas some parts of the parking are turned into marketplace and in spring and summer parts of the parking are turned into space for selling plants and accessories for the garden. [pic] Figure5. Tesco car parks – Poland (psboy, 2010) 1. 7. 2 Buildings Tesco hypermarkets are usually built outside the town/city center. Tesco and unlike the other chains do not form part of a larger shopping complex. This is one of the weak points of Tesco, because when customers choose other supermarkets they have the option to visit shops, restaurants, cafes and even a cinema or bowling. Currently Tesco is changing its strategy and has started building whole commercial complexes. Figure6. Modern Tesco in Krosno with large shopping galleries (Krzanowski, 2010) 1. 7. 3 Stores/decor/furnishings The interior of commercial establishments is designed in the same style for the whole network. Dominant colours are yellow, red and blue and have importance in relation to the psychology of colour: †¢ Yellow – associated with the sun, inspires sympathy, improves mood †¢ Red – attracts the eye, stimulates the action, energises †¢ Blue – the shade used in Tesco is strengthens feeling of security, reliability, honesty and trust. Figure7. Tesco Poland – interior of store (Tesco,2010) Keeping the store clean, regular shelf re-stocking, disposal of empty packaging and the regular cleaning of floors, windows and furniture is the foundation of any Tesco store. Micro environment competition â€Å"The marketing environment is defined as those external trading forces that directly or indirectly influence an organisation’s acquisitions of inputs and generation of outputs† (Dibb Simkin, 2001). [pic] Figure8. Factors impacting on a firm (Loh, 2009) One of the important factors of a micro environment is competition. Giant hypermarket networks on the Polish market suddenly appeared and immediately became a serious threat to local small and medium-sized companies. The real competition takes place between international networks such as Tesco, Carrefour and Biedronka (Ladybird). In estimates of Grupa Muszkieterow the top ten largest retail networks in terms of value sales in Poland are: Biedronka, Tesco, Carrefour, Real, Auchan, Lidl, Intermarche, E. Leclerc, Polomarket and Kaufland (PB, 2010). Figure9. Top 10 retail chains in Poland – turnover in 2008 and 2009 (ITM Pl, 2010) Figure10. Percent market shares retail chains in Poland in 2009 (top five)(PMR, 2010) 2. 1Tesco vs. Biedronka (Ladybird) Signs of rivalry between the two networks can be seen in their advertising campaigns. Biedronka attracts customers mainly by offering low prices. Tesco announce in their advertisements that it holds cut prices for a long time and that shoppers cannot buy cheaper anywhere else. At the same time Biedronka’s advertisement answered: â€Å"Simulate the Ladybird and being Ladybird – that is a big difference! †. While other supermarket chains put on loyalty programs for clients, Tesco mainly lowers prices but also competes by investing in small local shops in areas dominated by Biedronka.